Rob posted the new image to easter-eggs without any accompanying message.
An identical copy of the image was immediately posted to the official-art channel:
1) Scrambled text U+004F, U+006F, U+2400
O, o, and NUL characters respectively
2) CCCLXV
365
Meaning isUnsolved. Notably 1 away from 366 (“egg” in leet)
3) CXXXVI CVIII
136 108
4) geomtria
…in Book II of La Géométrie, of a family of “oval” curves that arise from the refraction of light at a smooth interface between two different media. Although these Cartesian ovals are a natural generalization of the ellipse and hyperbola and have many fascinating properties and applications, they have sadly settled into relative obscurity over the past century. (source)
5) TITUS
6) 5 M310N63N4
Leetspeek conversion of S melongena, also known as Eggplant
7) Butterfly/Eggplant flower
Unsolved Putting the unsolved tag here because we need to figure out how to better extract this
8) Guldenmann
Not actually found until Rob made a post revealing the clue, despite being relatively easy to reveal by applying a levels adjustment when looking at only the blue channel.
9) Xth
10) X fiducial marker
11) Lightning Bolt
12) W.H. October 6, 1995
Unsolved (NEEDS REPLICATION)